一種基于幾何光學(xué)原理的液體擴(kuò)散系數(shù)測(cè)量裝置

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摘  要：文章介紹了一種自行搭建的實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)，自制了亞克力方形容器樣品池，用于開(kāi)展溶液的擴(kuò)散系數(shù)測(cè)量工作。該裝置基于幾何光學(xué)原理，使用阿貝折射計(jì)精確測(cè)量液體溶液的折射率，依據(jù)描述擴(kuò)散規(guī)律的菲克定律，對(duì)不同液體介質(zhì)在不同濃度下的擴(kuò)散系數(shù)進(jìn)行測(cè)量，得出了擴(kuò)散系數(shù)與濃度呈負(fù)相關(guān)的結(jié)論。

關(guān)鍵詞：菲克定律;擴(kuò)散系數(shù);折射率

中圖分類號(hào)：O435        文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A          文章編號(hào)：2095-2945（2022）02-0049-04

Abstract： An experiment system was constructed for measuring the diffusion coefficients of solutions. The system is based on the geometrical optics principle. The sample pool is a self-made transparent Acrylic square container. The refractive indices of solutions， which is related to the concentrations， are accurately measured by the Abbe refractometer. According to Fick's law， diffusion coefficients of different solutions with different concentrations have been measured. The results showed that the diffusion coefficients were negatively correlated with the concentrations.

Keywords： Fick's law; diffusion coefficient; refractive index

19世紀(jì)，人們已知道室溫下空氣分子的平均速率約為4×102m/s，聲速約3×102m/s。（剩余3458字）