男性硬化性苔蘚樣尿道狹窄的診治策略

Strategies for the diagnosis and management of male lichen sclerosus urethral stricture

ABSTRACT：Lichen sclerosus （LS） is a scarring skin disease that primarily affects the genital area，which often leads to stricture of the external urethral orifice，and progresses to partial or total urethral stricture and even squamous cell carcinoma when treatment is inadequate.Owing to the lack of awareness of this disease among patients and clinicians，there is an increasing number of cases of complex urethral stricture.The choice of therapeutic decision is controversial because of the complexity of the illness and the large number of surgical complications.Based on the literature in recent years，this article first briefly describes the epidemiological characteristics，typical clinical manifestations，and differential diagnosis of male LS，and explores the relationship between this disease and penile cancer.Next，this article details the main treatment methods for urethral stricture in men with LS，including non-surgical treatment （topical treatment with steroids，immunomodulators，urethral dilation，home cleaning catheterization，etc.） and surgical treatment.As a focus，this article delves into several controversial issues that arise in the clinical discussion of the surgical treatment of this disease.

KEY WORDS：lichen sclerosus; balanitis xerotica obliterans; urethral stricture; oral mucosa

摘要：硬化性苔蘚樣變（LS）是發(fā)生于患者生殖器區(qū)域的瘢痕性皮膚病，治療不及時會導致尿道外口狹窄，進而發(fā)展至部分或全尿道狹窄，甚至癌變。（剩余12133字）