鑭系金屬螯合物作為CEST磁共振造影劑的研究進(jìn)展
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摘 要: 化學(xué)交換飽和轉(zhuǎn)移(CEST)成像是一種基于化學(xué)位移現(xiàn)象的新型磁共振成像(MRI),通過(guò)檢測(cè)水質(zhì)子信號(hào)變化來(lái)間接測(cè)定可交換質(zhì)子的信息,而鑭系金屬螯合物的順磁化學(xué)位移大,質(zhì)子共振位移更遠(yuǎn)離水的信號(hào),可實(shí)現(xiàn)更多的選擇性飽和,提高M(jìn)RI的對(duì)比性,因此非常適合用作CEST造影劑. 鑭系金屬螯合物CEST造影劑具有進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展磁共振功能和分子成像的巨大潛力,文章主要介紹了此類(lèi)物質(zhì)的類(lèi)型及應(yīng)用.
關(guān)鍵詞: 鑭系金屬螯合物; 化學(xué)交換飽和轉(zhuǎn)移(CEST); 磁共振成像(MRI); 造影劑
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào): O 614.33; R 318.6 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼: A 文章編號(hào): 1000-5137(2022)04-0458-09
Research progress of lanthanide metal chelates as CEST MRI contrast agents
YANG Jingxia, JIAO Jingjing*
(College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China)
Abstract: Chemical exchange saturation transfer(CEST) imaging is a novel magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) method based on the phenomenon of chemical shift. The information of exchangeable protons can be indirectly determined by detecting the change of water proton signal. The lanthanide metal chelates have large paramagnetic chemical shifts and their proton resonance shifts are farther away from the water signal, which is feasible to achieve more selective saturation and improve the contrast of MRI. Therefore, the lanthanide metal chelates are very suitable as CEST contrast agents and have great potentials in further expanding their magnetic resonance function and molecular imaging capabilities. This review mainly summarizes the types and applications of the lanthanide metal chelates as CEST MRI contrast agents.
Key words: lanthanide metal chelate; chemical exchange saturation transfer(CEST); magnetic resonance imaging(MRI); contrast agents
0 引 言
磁共振成像(MRI)是現(xiàn)如今臨床放射學(xué)和生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究中最有效的診斷方法之一.與計(jì)算機(jī)斷層掃描(CT)相比,MRI無(wú)電離輻射,可在身體不同軟組織之間提供更強(qiáng)的對(duì)比度.MRI是指在特定的頻率激發(fā)下質(zhì)子數(shù)為奇數(shù)的原子核(如氫質(zhì)子)會(huì)因?yàn)槟芰抗舱穸患ぐl(fā),停止激發(fā)后,被激發(fā)的原子核釋放能量,回到基態(tài)而產(chǎn)生弛豫現(xiàn)象,通過(guò)對(duì)氫質(zhì)子信號(hào)的采集處理,可得到MRI.在現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)中,MRI已經(jīng)成為診斷和治療人類(lèi)疾病最有力的技術(shù)之一.傳統(tǒng)MRI為了縮短弛豫時(shí)間和突出正常組織與病變組織的對(duì)比,引入了能夠引起MRI信號(hào)變化的造影劑,大多數(shù)MRI造影劑都基于順磁性螯合物,但為了降低對(duì)生理的影響,造影劑均在較低濃度下使用,這在一定程度上限制了MRI靈敏度及空間分辨率[1-2].改變組織對(duì)比度的另一種方法是更改在成像實(shí)驗(yàn)中檢測(cè)到的水量。(剩余9069字)