淺析暴雨洪澇災(zāi)害的應(yīng)對(duì)措施與展望

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摘要 受全球氣候變化和城市化進(jìn)程加速的影響，極端天氣過(guò)程，尤其是暴雨引起的城市內(nèi)澇問(wèn)題愈加嚴(yán)重，降水量大且受災(zāi)區(qū)域廣等特征明顯。基于近年來(lái)突發(fā)、多發(fā)、頻發(fā)的城市洪澇災(zāi)害，從暴雨的形成、洪澇災(zāi)害的成因、應(yīng)對(duì)措施等進(jìn)一步提出展望，以期為城市的防災(zāi)減災(zāi)建設(shè)提供理論參考。

關(guān)鍵詞 暴雨；城市內(nèi)澇；防御對(duì)策

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)：S422 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：B 文章編號(hào)：2095–3305（2023）12–0-03

Analysis on Countermeasures and Prospects of Rainstorm and Flood Disaster

Liu Wan-qing （Wuhai Meteorological Bureau of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region， Wuhai， Inner Mongolia 016000）

Abstract Influenced by global climate change and accelerated urbanization process， urban waterlogging caused by extreme weather process， especially rainstorm， has become more and more serious， with large precipitation and a wide range of affected areas. Based on the sudden， frequent and frequent urban flood disasters in recent years， this paper further puts forward prospects from the formation of rainstorm， causes of flood disasters， and countermeasures， In order to provide theoretical reference for urban disaster prevention and reduction construction.

Key words Rainstorm; Urban waterlogging; Defense measures

據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，2000年以來(lái)，我國(guó)70%的城市出現(xiàn)過(guò)嚴(yán)重的洪澇災(zāi)害，33%的大城市發(fā)生過(guò)嚴(yán)重的洪澇災(zāi)害，其中，降水小時(shí)雨強(qiáng)和中雨以上強(qiáng)度降水比重均呈上升趨勢(shì)，降水以“短時(shí)、量大”為特征出現(xiàn)的概率增加，其引發(fā)的洪災(zāi)、澇漬、崩塌、滑坡、道路和橋梁受損、農(nóng)田損毀、人畜傷亡等災(zāi)害日益增多。（剩余4548字）