從“依賴養(yǎng)老”到“獨(dú)立養(yǎng)老”：中國(guó)民眾的養(yǎng)老意愿及其代際差異

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From “dependency.oriented elderly care” to “independent elderly care”： the elderly care options of the Chinese population and their intergenerational differences

LONG Shu.qin， YANG Chun.hua

Using data from the 2022 national survey conducted by the Ethics Development Think Tank of Jiangsu Province， this research analyzes the current elderly care choices of the Chinese population， the intergenerational differences and their influencing factors. The study finds that the preferred option in China is “independent elderly care” rather than “dependency.oriented elderly care” and there are significant intergenerational differences. The percentage of those relying on their children for “dependency.oriented elderly care” decreases with the shift in birth years， while the percentage opting for “independent elderly care”， including self.care， institutional care， and other types of care， increases with the shift in birth years. Among the influencing factors， resource availability significantly exerts impacts which exhibit distinct intergenerational differences. Firstly， children’s situation and their number make little impacts. The presence or absence of sons only significantly affects the elderly care options of the population born in the 1950s， 1960s， and 1970s ， and the factor of only child significantly affects only those born in the 1950s and  1960s. Secondly， family incomes are no longer the sole foundation for “dependency.oriented elderly care” but are gradually transforming into the driving force for “independent elderly care”. Those with better family incomes prefer “independent elderly care”. Thirdly， individuals with better incomes or education are more inclined towards “independent elderly care”. Therefore， resource availability， along with the intergenerational differences， gives an insight into the psychology of elderly care options in China.

［摘  要］ 根據(jù)江蘇省道德發(fā)展智庫(kù)開(kāi)展的2022年全國(guó)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)分析研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國(guó)人的理想養(yǎng)老方式正經(jīng)歷從“依賴養(yǎng)老”到“獨(dú)立養(yǎng)老”的轉(zhuǎn)變且存在顯著的代際差異，依靠子女的“依賴養(yǎng)老”比例隨出生年代的推移而遞減，而包含自我養(yǎng)老、機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老和新型養(yǎng)老的“獨(dú)立養(yǎng)老”比例則隨著出生年代的推移而遞增。（剩余11816字）