心學(xué)批判的有效性及其限度

——以王船山的心學(xué)批判為例

Wang Chuanshan’s cirtique against Lu.Wang School of neo.Confucianism： validity and limitation

SUN Qin.xiang

The development of Lu.Wang School of neo.Confucianism were accompanied by the critiques against it. Among the critics， Wang Chuanshan was a renowned figure. Firstly， based on the distinction between mind and nature， he criticized the “mind is principle” doctrine of Lu.Wang. He overcame the “subjective metaphysics” of the School while maintaining a balance between transcendence and immanence. Secondly， he criticized their assertion of the “first function of righteousness” and carried forward Zhu Xi’s emphasis on “investigation of things.” Finally， his criticism of the societal and political influence of the School on the ethos seems to be an “external critique”， yet his criticism of figures like Li Zhi and Tao Wangling who influenced the literary style of that time， was justifiable. It is evident that Chuanshan’s critique had its limitations despite its intellectual impacts： his view of human nature remained within the broader scope of Daoist thought for he shared the belief in inherent humaneness and righteousness with the Lu.Wang School; his “external critique” tends to be overly critical.

［摘  要］ 與陸王心學(xué)的興起演進(jìn)相伴而生的便是心學(xué)批判史的展開(kāi)，而王船山即此心學(xué)批判史中的一位代表性人物。（剩余13272字）